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Fishing of the early farmers of the Zaisanovsky cultural tradition on the coast of the Peter the Great Bay about 4600 years ago. (Based on materials from the Klerk-5 site)

https://doi.org/10.21285/2415-8739-2021-4-20-34

Abstract

This article proposes reconstruction of fishing on multi-layer site Klerk-5 located in south of Primorsky Krai, in west part of Peter the Great Bay. One of main aspects in the article is research of adaptation ancient population to conditions of coastal ecosystems and characterize seasonality of fishing. Reconstruction was provided on basis of landscape-climatic characteristic of surrounding area, technological indicators, bone remains and ecological characteristics of identified species of fish. There were considered horizon of habitat of earlier cultivators, consisted of layer brown loam, and laying above lower part of Neolithic shell middens, dated 4585 b.p. This middens associated with one of first waves of settlement of early cultivators Zaisanovsky Cultural Tradition, began their migration to the sea coast from the interior of mainland about 4600 years ago at the phase of climate cooling and regression of Japanese Sea level. Analysis of the species had shown that ancient population of early wave of settlement of site Klerk-5 used the fishing in 3 types of water bodies: seacoast, river and lake/lagoon. There were identified 3371 fragments of fish bones, belonging to 11 species belong to 13 genera, 12 families and 10 orders. Based on Theory of Optimal Foraging annual circle of fishing was modeled. On the strength of seasonal behavior identified species it became possible to assume that fishing was during almost entire year. However, the most active fishery was in spring and summer periods. Also based on ecology of some species of fish it became possible to make a conclusion about using of range fishing tools.

About the Authors

Roman A. Artemkin
Institute of the History, Arhaeology and Ethnology of the people of Far East of Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of sciences
Russian Federation


Yuri E. Vostretsov
Institute of the History, Arhaeology and Ethnology of the people of Far East of Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of sciences
Russian Federation


Yuly V. Fedorets
Pacific Oceanological Institute of Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of sciences
Russian Federation


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ISSN 2415-8739 (Print)
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