“Siberian fortified area” in the history of pre-revolutionary Russia

   The article is devoted to the history of the formation and development of the “Siberian fortified area”. Based on a wide range of sources, the place of the “Siberian fortified area” in the system of ensuring the military security of Russia in the south of Western Siberia is shown. The organizational structure, the strength of the “Siberian fortified area” and their changes depending on the spectrum of external military threats are analyzed in such details as an arrangement of defensive fortifications of the Siberian border line and providing army regiments with provisions and various types of military equipment. Much attention is paid by the authors to the recruitment of Siberian regiments with officers and lower military ranks, the peculiarities of combat training of Siberians, the use of field regimental camps in military training, the preparation and withdrawal of Siberian regiments to the European part of Russia in 1808-1810. A certain emphasis is placed by the authors on the peculiarities of military administration on the territory of Western Siberia in the second half of the 18^th - early 19^th centuries. On specific examples, the life and service of the Siberian dragoon, musketeer, chasseur regiments and Cossack teams, their activities in protecting state borders and economic development of the region, organizing mutually beneficial border trade and cultural exchange are considered. The contribution of Generals Anton Danilovich and Anton Antonovich Skalonov to the establishment of peaceful mutually beneficial relations with the local peoples and to the improvement of the combat capability of the Siberian regiments is shown. Here are given some examples of the courage and heroism of the Siberian regiments during the defense of the Smolensk fortress and the Battle of Borodino in the Patriotic War of 1812, and of the patriotism of the Siberians of the border lines of the “Siberian fortified area” and the Siberian provinces in collecting voluntary monetary and material donations for the needs of the Russian Army.

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