Afanasy Pashkov and the Daurian Regiment in Transbaikalia (1657-1662)

   The article is based on unpublished documents of Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts united in Stlb. 508 of Fund 214 (Siberian Order). The article describes the initial stage of territories’ annexation of Transbaikalia and Amur Region (Dauria) to Russia by “Daurian regiment” under the command of former Yenisei governor Afanasy Filippovich Pashkov. The study focuses on the events associated with the activities of the regiment in Dauria in 1657-1662. The article describes the events from the moment of the entrance of Daurian regiment to Transbaikalia until the arrival of L. Tolbuzin, who replaced the governor A.F. Pashkov later, in Nerchinsk district. The following issues are considered: the first military operations in Transbaikalia and the subordination of Tungus princes; construction of the Irgensky and Upper Shilksky fortresses; arrangement of arable lands and search for places for salt production; reconnaissance of the situation in Amur region and recruitment of Yenisei warriors and the remnants of Amur army to Daursky regiment; problems with provision of the regiment; combat and non-combat losses. Much attention is paid to the history of construction of two Orthodox churches in Transbaikalia. The study concluded that Daurian regiment fulfilled its main mission, securing the power of Russia in Transbaikalia, despite the fact that over 5 years of service in Dauria, most of it died during the fighting, as well as due to hunger and disease. The article is intended for historians, local historians and a wide range of readers interested in the history of Transbaikalia.

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