Personnel policy and professional training of the Soviet militia in the 30-50s of the twentieth century (based on the materials of the Irkutsk region)

On July 10, 1934, the NKVD of the USSR was established. It was formed as a “super-agency” that covered many areas of state activity and was rigidly centralized according to the management system. The tasks assigned to the department required special attention to the selection of employees. This was especially true of the police. The social composition was of great importance in it. Preference was given to workers and peasants, whose part by the beginning of the war reached 28.67 % and 30 %, respectively. At the same time, 0.5 % had higher education, 11.2 % had secondary education, but most of the personnel had only primary education. Many employees were trained on-the-job. In the 1940-1941 academic year, there were almost 53 thousand police officers at school desks. But the main role was given to professional training, which was carried out at courses, in colleges and schools of the NKVD system. In the Irkutsk Region, “Operational management courses of the NKVD of the East Siberian Region” were organized, where legal and social disciplines were studied for 4 months. A system of service, combat, sports and technical training was organized. The experience of the courses made it possible to open in 1939 the Irkutsk School of Secondary and Commanding Police Personnel, which became a training center for the internal affairs bodies of the East Siberian regions. The reinforcing of the activity of this educational institution occurred in the period from 1947 to 1956. The training period of the cadets was 2 years, and the recruitment was 100 people. Later, a distance learning department was opened. Due to the School, it was possible to form a qualified middle and commanding police of the Irkutsk region. In 1958, its activities ceased, but a training center was established on its basis at the Department of Internal Affairs of the Irkutsk region.

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