The religious factor of the Koliiv Riot in Russia and foreign historiography
https://doi.org/10.21285/2415-8739-2025-2-147-156
EDN: JJOMPJ
Abstract
Based on a substantive analysis of historiography, the author identifies and examines a number of key approaches related to the study of the largest Haidamak uprising of 1768-1769 – Koliivshchyna (Koliiv Riot). The uprising swept Kiev region, Bratslav region, Volhynia and Podillia. It is stipulated that an extremely small number of historical publications are devote d to the Koliivschina, which changed the geopolitical situation in Europe and led to the partition of Poland in 1772. The main conclusions of the author of the article are as follows: pre-revolutionary historiography began to study the problem and formed several methodological approaches: according to Russian authors, the Gaydamak uprisings occurred due to a complex of factors, the key of which was religious. Polish researchers, on the contrary, ignored the consideration of socio-economic and confessional reasons, assessing Gaydamaks as bandits and robbers. Over the course of 100 years, both of these approaches have evolved. The newly introduced sources allow us to consider not only and not so much the religious factor as one of the causes of the Kolivism, but to actua lly delve into the problem. The authors of recent publications tend to consider the events of 1768 not in isolation from each other, but in a complex: both the domestic political situation in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, aggravated by economic and confessional disagreements, and foreign policy conditions related to conflicts with neighbors. The study of the uprising itself is similar: if S.M. Solovyov described the Lordly Confederation and Kolivshchyna separately, then modern authors tend to study these events and phenomena in a comprehensive manner. They also pay more attention to the interaction of representatives of different faiths among themselves and with the governments of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire, and also touch on the problem of historical memory of the Koliiv Riot in detail.
Keywords
Koliivshchyna,
Gaydamaks,
historiography,
historians,
concepts,
religion,
Poland,
Russia,
V.B. Antonovich,
Ya. Shulgin,
N.I. Kostomarov,
T. Korzon
Supporting agencies: The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 23-78-10064, https://rscf.ru/project/23-78-10064/ at St. Petersburg State University.
About the Author
A. A. Kokhan
Saint Petersburg State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrey A. Kokhan, Cand. Sci. (History), Senior Researcher, Institute History
7/9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg 199034
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