Main directions of development of Soviet-Mongolian relations in 1946-1991: content, characteristics, results of important treaties and agreements

   The article provides an analysis of the development of Soviet-Mongolian relations in 1946-1991 through the prism of signing and implementing various bilateral treaties and agreements. For the second half of the 20th century it came the peak of friendship and cooperation between the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic. It was during this period that a number of legal acts were concluded between the two states, which determined the basis of their interaction in the field of politics, economics, culture, science and education, etc. Most of the agreements were aimed at providing assistance and socio-economic development to the Mongolian side, since in order to maintain the balance of power, the Soviet Union needed to have a reliable and strong ally in the Far Eastern region. Particular attention is paid in the article to the place of the border Soviet regions in the system of bilateral relations and the role of regional ties in their development. Using the example of humanitarian cooperation, the unique experience of pursuing the policy of “soft power” of the USSR in relation to Mongolia is considered. The published collections of documents on the history of Soviet-Mongolian relations, periodical materials, and documents from regional archives served as a source for the study. In addition, the author in this research relied on current modern domestic Mongolian studies, which made it possible to summarize the development of relations between the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic, and to identify their productive component as well as formulate the main contradictions. The conclusion is formulated that, despite the presence of certain nuances, Soviet-Mongolian relations can be considered as an example of positive, mostly mutually beneficial cooperation between two neighboring countries, covering various spheres of the state and society.

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