Alexander Vasil’evich Kolchak - Marine, Arctic explorer and “Supreme Ruler of Russia”

This article is devoted to the life and activities of Chief of the White Movement during the Russian Civil War - A.V. Kolchak, famous admiral and explorer of the Arctic in connection with his upcoming anniversary. It summarizes the main milestones of Kolchak’s biography, as well as the origin of his family. The article reveals the development of Kolchak as a scientist-polarist and as a military sailor, who became a known naval commander, reflects his contribution to the exploration of the Arctic seas including the development of the current Northern Sea Route, as well as contribution to the development of naval affairs. It shows the difficult path of the hero of publication in the political life of the country during the revolutionary events of 1917-1918 leading him to the very top of the White Movement, to the post of «Supreme Ruler of Russia». The article focuses on the analysis of the main policy guidelines of «Supreme Governor of Russia» on the future reconstruction of Russia after the victory over the Bolsheviks in the Civil War, that he was trying to use to rally the White Movement and to win people’s sympathies. It addresses the strengths and weaknesses of these policies. The article also describes the reasons for the complete failure of the Kolchak program of reconstruction of Russia and the subsequent collapse of the White Movement and its crushing defeat in the Civil War, wich caused the tragic and inglorious end of the extraordinary life path of A.V. Kolchak, a talented scientist and naval commander.

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